I recieved 18,000 scholarship applications this year from developing countries. Mainly India, Bangladesh, China, Ethiopia etc. I assessed their scholarship applications and recommended to phd supervisors if they're competitive. Most applicants have over 10 publications in predatory journals. Out of the 18,000 scholarship applicants, not a single one published in open access journals or pre-prints. I interviewed of some. They didn't know what predatory journals were or about the open access movement. They published in journals which were free, high impact journals were too expensive. They could barely afford the scholarship application fee- 1 month wage, application fee for fancy journals is 5 times this.
This is definitely a crisis where only the rich can afford to publish in fancy journals and the rest labelled as predatory.
There just needs to be a better outlet for research. An emphasis on data sharing, research collaboration, a metrics system away from journals. It questions what it means to be a researcher. Military scientists don't publish but the things they do- data collection/analysis leads to action. Maybe that's the sort of model civilian research institutions should adopt.